1. Matsalolin gurɓata muhalli bayan sake amfani da sinadarin lithium iron phosphate
Kasuwar sake amfani da batirin wutar lantarki tana da girma sosai, kuma a cewar cibiyoyin bincike masu dacewa, ana sa ran jimlar batirin wutar lantarki da aka yi ritaya a kasar Sin zai kai 137.4MWh nan da shekarar 2025.
Ɗauka batirin lithium iron phosphateMisali, akwai hanyoyi guda biyu na sake amfani da batura masu amfani da wutar lantarki da suka yi ritaya: ɗaya ita ce amfani da cascade, ɗayan kuma ita ce wargazawa da sake amfani da ita.
Amfani da cascade yana nufin amfani da batirin lithium iron phosphate waɗanda ke da sauran ƙarfin aiki tsakanin kashi 30% zuwa 80% bayan wargajewa da sake haɗawa, da kuma amfani da su a wuraren da ke da ƙarancin yawan kuzari kamar ajiyar makamashi.
Rushewa da sake amfani da su, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana nufin wargaza batirin lithium iron phosphate mai ƙarfi lokacin da sauran ƙarfin ya ƙasa da kashi 30%, da kuma dawo da kayan aikinsu, kamar lithium, phosphorus, da iron a cikin electrode mai kyau.
Rushewa da sake amfani da batirin lithium-ion zai iya rage haƙar sabbin kayan aiki don kare muhalli, sannan kuma yana da matuƙar amfani ga tattalin arziki, wanda hakan zai rage farashin haƙar ma'adinai, farashin masana'antu, farashin aiki, da kuma farashin tsara layin samarwa.
Babban abin da ke mayar da hankali kan wargaza batirin lithium-ion da sake amfani da shi ya ƙunshi matakai kamar haka: da farko, tattara da rarraba batirin lithium da aka lalata, sannan a wargaza batirin, sannan a ƙarshe a raba da kuma tace ƙarfen. Bayan aikin, ana iya amfani da ƙarfe da kayan da aka gano don samar da sabbin batura ko wasu kayayyaki, wanda hakan ke rage farashi sosai.
Duk da haka, yanzu haka, tare da ƙungiyar kamfanonin sake amfani da batir, kamar kamfanin Ningde Times Holding Co., Ltd. reshen Guangdong Bangpu Circular Technology Co., Ltd., duk suna fuskantar matsala mai sarkakiya: sake amfani da batir zai samar da sinadarai masu guba kuma ya fitar da gurɓatattun abubuwa masu cutarwa. Kasuwa tana buƙatar sabbin fasahohi cikin gaggawa don inganta gurɓataccen yanayi da guba na sake amfani da batir.
2.LBNL ta sami sabbin kayayyaki don magance matsalolin gurɓataccen iska bayan sake amfani da batir.
Kwanan nan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) a Amurka ta sanar da cewa ta gano wani sabon abu da zai iya sake yin amfani da batirin lithium-ion da aka lalata da ruwa kawai.
An kafa dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasa na Lawrence Berkeley a shekarar 1931 kuma Jami'ar California ce ke kula da shi a ofishin kimiyya na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka. Ya lashe kyaututtuka 16 na Nobel.
Sabon kayan da Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory ta ƙirƙiro ana kiransa da Quick-Release Binder. Ana iya sake yin amfani da batirin Lithium-ion da aka yi da wannan kayan cikin sauƙi, yana da kyau ga muhalli, kuma ba ya da guba. Sai kawai a wargaza su a saka su cikin ruwan alkaline, sannan a girgiza su a hankali don raba abubuwan da ake buƙata. Sannan, ana tace ƙarfe daga cikin ruwa sannan a busar da su.
Idan aka kwatanta da sake amfani da lithium-ion na yanzu, wanda ya haɗa da yankewa da niƙa batura, sannan kuma ƙonewa don raba ƙarfe da abubuwa, yana da mummunan guba da rashin aikin muhalli. Sabon kayan yana kama da dare da rana idan aka kwatanta.
A ƙarshen watan Satumba na 2022, an zaɓi wannan fasaha a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin fasahohin juyin juya hali 100 da aka haɓaka a duniya a cikin 2022 ta hanyar kyaututtukan R&D 100.
Kamar yadda muka sani, batirin lithium-ion ya ƙunshi electrodes masu kyau da marasa kyau, mai rabawa, electrolyte, da kayan gini, amma ba a san yadda ake haɗa waɗannan sassan a cikin batirin lithium-ion ba sosai.
A cikin batirin lithium-ion, wani muhimmin abu da ke kula da tsarin batirin shine manne.
Sabon tsarin Quick-Release Binder da masu binciken dakin gwaje-gwaje na kasa na Lawrence Berkeley suka gano an yi shi ne da polyacrylic acid (PAA) da polyethylene imine (PEI), waɗanda ke da alaƙa ta hanyar haɗin kai tsakanin ƙwayoyin nitrogen masu caji mai kyau a cikin PEI da ƙwayoyin oxygen masu caji mara kyau a cikin PAA.
Idan aka sanya Quick-Release Binder a cikin ruwan alkaline wanda ke ɗauke da sodium hydroxide (Na+OH-), ions na sodium za su shiga wurin manne ba zato ba tsammani, suna raba polymers guda biyu. Polymers ɗin da aka raba suna narkewa cikin ruwa, suna sakin duk wani abu da aka haɗa da electrode.
Dangane da farashi, idan aka yi amfani da shi wajen kera batirin lithium electrodes masu kyau da marasa kyau, farashin wannan manne yana kusan kashi ɗaya cikin goma na biyun da aka fi amfani da su.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-25-2023