1. Abubuwan gurɓatawa bayan sake yin amfani da sinadarin baƙin ƙarfe na lithium
Kasuwar sake amfani da batirin wutar lantarki na da girma, kuma bisa ga cibiyoyin bincike da suka dace, ana sa ran adadin batirin wutar lantarki na kasar Sin da ya yi ritaya zai kai megawatt 137.4 nan da shekarar 2025.
Dauke lithium iron phosphate baturaa matsayin misali, akwai galibin hanyoyi guda biyu don sake yin amfani da su da kuma amfani da batir ɗin da suka yi ritaya masu alaƙa: ɗaya yin amfani da cascade, ɗayan kuma tarwatsawa da sake amfani da su.
Amfani da cascade yana nufin amfani da baturan wutar lantarki na baƙin ƙarfe phosphate tare da sauran ƙarfi tsakanin 30% zuwa 80% bayan tarwatsawa da sake haɗawa, da yin amfani da su zuwa wuraren ƙarancin kuzari kamar ajiyar makamashi.
Rushewa da sake amfani da su, kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, yana nufin tarwatsewar batirin wutar lantarki na lithium baƙin ƙarfe phosphate lokacin da ragowar ƙarfin da ya rage bai wuce kashi 30% ba, da kuma dawo da albarkatun su, kamar lithium, phosphorus, da baƙin ƙarfe a cikin ingantattun electrode.
Rushewa da sake amfani da batirin lithium-ion na iya rage ma'adinan sabbin albarkatun ƙasa don kare muhalli kuma suna da ƙimar tattalin arziƙi mai girma, rage farashin ma'adinai, farashin masana'antu, farashin aiki, da farashin shimfida layin samarwa.
Babban abin da ake mayar da hankali kan tarwatsawa da sake amfani da batirin lithium-ion ya ƙunshi matakai masu zuwa: na farko, tattara da rarraba batir lithium na sharar gida, sannan a wargaza batir ɗin, sannan a raba tare da tace karafa.Bayan aikin, ana iya amfani da karafa da kayan da aka gano don samar da sabbin batura ko wasu kayayyaki, suna ceton farashi sosai.
Koyaya, yanzu gami da rukunin kamfanonin sake yin amfani da batir, irin su Ningde Times Holding Co., Ltd. reshen Guangdong Bangpu Circular Technology Co., Ltd., duk suna fuskantar matsala mai ƙayatarwa: sake yin amfani da baturi zai haifar da samfura masu guba da fitar da gurɓataccen gurɓataccen abu. .Kasuwar tana buƙatar sabbin fasahohi cikin gaggawa don haɓaka ƙazanta da guba na sake amfani da baturi.
2.LBNL ya samo sababbin kayan aiki don magance matsalolin ƙazanta bayan sake amfani da baturi.
Kwanan nan, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL) a Amurka ya sanar da cewa sun gano wani sabon abu da zai iya sake sarrafa batura lithium-ion sharar gida da ruwa kawai.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory an kafa shi a cikin 1931 kuma Jami'ar California ce ke kulawa da Ofishin Kimiyya na Ma'aikatar Makamashi ta Amurka.Ya lashe kyautar Nobel 16.
Sabon kayan da Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory National ya ƙirƙira ana kiransa da sauri-Saki Binder.Batir lithium-ion da aka yi daga wannan kayan ana iya sake yin amfani da su cikin sauƙi, masu dacewa da muhalli, kuma marasa guba.Ana buƙatar kawai a tarwatsa su kuma a saka su cikin ruwan alkaline, kuma a girgiza su a hankali don raba abubuwan da ake bukata.Bayan haka, ana tace karafa daga cikin ruwa kuma a bushe.
Idan aka kwatanta da sake yin amfani da lithium-ion na yanzu, wanda ya haɗa da shredding da niƙa batura, wanda ya biyo baya don konewa don rabuwa da ƙarfe da sinadarai, yana da mummunar guba da rashin aikin muhalli.Sabbin kayan kamar dare ne da rana idan aka kwatanta.
A ƙarshen Satumba 2022, an zaɓi wannan fasaha a matsayin ɗayan fasahar juyin juya hali 100 da aka haɓaka a duniya a cikin 2022 ta R&D 100 Awards.
Kamar yadda muka sani, baturan lithium-ion sun ƙunshi electrodes masu kyau da marasa kyau, masu rarrabawa, electrolyte, da kayan gini, amma yadda aka haɗa waɗannan abubuwan a cikin batir lithium-ion ba a sani ba.
A cikin baturan lithium-ion, abu mai mahimmanci wanda ke kula da tsarin baturi shine m.
Sabuwar Binder-Release Binder wanda Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory masu bincike ya gano an yi shi ne da polyacrylic acid (PAA) da polyethylene imine (PEI), waɗanda ke haɗe ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa tsakanin ingantattun zarra na nitrogen a cikin PEI da mummunan cajin atom na oxygen a cikin PAA.
Lokacin da aka sanya Binder-Release Binder a cikin ruwan alkaline mai ɗauke da sodium hydroxide (Na + OH-), ion sodium ba zato ba tsammani ya shiga wurin mannewa, yana raba polymers biyu.Polymers da aka ware suna narke cikin ruwa, suna sakin duk wani abin da aka haɗa da lantarki.
Dangane da farashi, lokacin da aka yi amfani da shi don kera batirin lithium tabbatacce da na'urorin lantarki, farashin wannan manne ya kai kusan kashi ɗaya cikin goma na biyun da aka fi amfani da su.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-25-2023